La Privation de Sommeil et la Narcolepsie chez le Cheval 🧠🔍 Sleep deprivation

"Narcolepsie: les chevaux adultes souffrent-ils vraiment d'un trouble neurologique ou plutôt d'une privation de sommeil couchée / insuffisance de sommeil paradoxal - le sommeil REM (Rapid Eye Movement / mouvement oculaire rapide)?"
Kalus, M. (2014) Schlafverhalten und Physiologie des Schlafes beim Pferd auf der Basis polysomnographischer Untersuchungen. Ludwigs‐Maximilians‐Universität München. [lien]

💡 Une signe à surveiller: Les petits cicatrices ou perte de poils visible sur le devant des boulets antérieurs...




Est-ce que votre cheval souffre de privation du sommeil ? Blog Ppdt - comportement du cheval
"Aussi remarquable que la privation de sommeil chez les chevaux peut sembler, elle n'est pas rare. Joe Bertone, DVM, MS, DACVIM, le vétérinaire qui a vu l'hongre à la foire de l'État, a recensé près de 127 cas similaires au cours de ses 24 ans de carrière . Ces chevaux a t il dit étaient incapables d'obtenir assez de sommeil paradoxal, la forme la plus profonde du sommeil. Bertone a récemment présenté des documents sur cette condition lors de plusieurs réunions vétérinaires nationales."
https://ppdt-comportementaliste-equin.blogspot.com/2013/07/est-ce-que-votre-cheval-souffre-de.html



(Je n'ai pas trouvé la référence d'origine…)


Coin à Lire

🇫🇷  (Note: Difficile à trouver des références sur la privation du sommeil en français, mais voici des articles intéressants)

A quoi ressemble le sommeil chez le cheval ? Blog Equisense
Relevant pour les activités du sommeil chez le cheval au box le nuit MAIS les chevaux qui ne sont pas au boxe, qu'est qu'ils font le nuit?? Lire l'article de techniquesdelevage.fr plus bas..
https://blog.equisense.com/sommeil-cheval/

Sommeil et mélatonine, conséquences pour le cheval - techniquesdelevage.fr
http://www.techniquesdelevage.fr/sommeil-et-mélatonine-conséquences-pour-le-cheval

Le temps de sommeil en France, Coordination scientifique, 12 mars 2019
"Les conséquences sanitaires du travail de nuit ont été récemment analysées et publiées dans un rapport de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail qui confirme combien les travailleurs de nuit ont significativement davantage de risques de maladies métaboliques, cardiovasculaires, d’accidents et, pour les femmes, de risques lors de la grossesse et de cancer du sein."
"Il est fréquemment recommandé « une bonne nuit de sommeil », au même titre qu’une bonne alimentation ou qu’une activité sportive, comme étant bénéfique à la santé. On sait que le sommeil joue un rôle crucial dans l’équilibre métabolique et thermodynamique, la restauration des tissus, la réparation des blessures, la croissance, la mémoire et le tri des idées ainsi que la régulation des émotions. "
https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/content/download/153572/2186880 (PDF)

Le syndrome de Cushing - IFCE Equipedia
"Des signes neurologiques dans les cas les plus avancés : ataxie, perte de vision, convulsions, narcolepsie (endormissement incontrôlé)."
https://equipedia.ifce.fr/sante-et-bien-etre-animal/maladies/systeme-urinaire-et-maladies-metaboliques/syndrome-de-cushing.html
🔍 http://www.thelaminitissite.org/n.html#Neurological (anglais)

Pourquoi mon cheval se cabre-t-il alors qu'il est sous tranquillisant ? techniquesdelevage.fr
http://www.techniquesdelevage.fr/article-pourquoi-mon-cheval-se-cabre-t-il-alors-qu-il-est-sous-tranquillisant-106558629.html


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"Narcolepsy: Do Adult Horses Really Suffer from a Neurological Disorder or Rather from a Recumbent Sleep Deprivation/Rapid Eye Movement (REM)‐Sleep Deficiency?"
Kalus, M. (2014) Schlafverhalten und Physiologie des Schlafes beim Pferd auf der Basis polysomnographischer Untersuchungen. Ludwigs‐Maximilians‐Universität München.[link]

💡 A little tell tale sign to look out for is scarring or hair loss on the front of the fetlocks of the forelimbs...

Six Types of Sleep Deprivation in Horses - The Horse.com
"Currently, based on historical information and response to therapy, there seem to be at least six categories of sleep deprivation in horses.
1. Pain or physical discomfort-associated This category includes horses that have been clearly diagnosed with painful conditions ranging from severe joint disease, polysaccharide storage ­myopathy, and other musculoskeletal diseases to gastric ulcers, abdominal adhesions, and late pregnancy. It also includes cases that respond to nonspecific pain management (such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration for joint pain), omeprazole for treating gastric ulcers, or birth in late-­pregnancy mares, which invariably resolves the discomfort.
2. Environmental insecurity-associated This category includes horses whose clinical signs resolve after caretakers or veterinarians identify and change environmental issues. These include stall-size changes, stall relocation, loss of other horses to which the patient seemed be attached, light bulb wattage changes, blanket issues, window coverings, weather, and many more seemingly incidental environmental issues that, when addressed, lead to resolution.
3. Monotony-associated Horses in this group show signs only when placed in cross-ties long-term or forced to stand quietly for prolonged periods. These horses do not express this behavior at other times. Simple intermittent stimulation helps resolve the behavior.
4. Aggression displacement (aggressive gelding)-associated Horses that show excessive and continuous aggression toward one or all horses in a group fall into this category. These horses respond to the addition of an alpha female or, more rarely, an alpha male when available.
5. Lyme disease-associated Horses testing positive for Lyme disease without fitting under any other category are in this group. They do not show evidence of joint pain, and they respond to Lyme disease therapy.
6. Sleep terror-associated This category includes horses with behavior resembling sleep terror behavior in humans. This is a relatively new finding, with all cases identified since January 2012. As night videography capabilities become more inexpensive, we might see more of these cases."
https://thehorse.com/155696/six-types-of-sleep-deprivation-in-horses/

Understanding Equine Sleep Deprivation - The Horse.com
"[..]research estimates that in a day horses fulfill approximately:
Two hours of diffuse drowsiness (during which the horse stands with full weight on both front legs and one rear leg while the other rear leg is cocked, or "primed," to kick if necessary);
Three hours of slow wave sleep (at which point the horse is either lying down in lateral or sternal recumbency [lying flat on his side or lying on his chest, respectively]); and
Less than one hour of paradoxical sleep (during which the horse is commonly positioned on the ground, but the body is upright with head tucked to a side–normally toward the stifle). This allows for better respiration than being on a side."
https://thehorse.com/121155/understanding-equine-sleep-deprivation/

Is Your Horse Sleep Deprived? Equus magazine
"People need about two to three hours of paradoxical sleep daily. Horses in contrast need from 30 to 60 minutes per day, Bertone says."
https://equusmagazine.com/horse-care/horse_sleep_deprived_092308-10689

The dangers of sleep deprivation in horses (with video and download) - International Society for Equitation Science
"Sleep deprivation should not be confused with narcolepsy, which is a very rare chronic neurological disorder."
https://equitationscience.com/media/the-dangers-of-sleep-deprivation-in-horses

Sleep deprivation in horses - Veterinary Practice (veterinary-practice.com) - good general article juin 2022

assess the influence of chronic orthopedic disease and old age on the time horses lie down
"Horses have to lie down to achieve rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Horses that do not lie down for environmental reasons or pain suffer from an REM sleep deficiency that negatively affects their welfare and health. The present study aimed to assess the influence of chronic orthopedic disease and old age on the time horses lie down. Wearable automated sensor technology was used to monitor the time 83 old and young adult horses with or without chronic lameness spent lying down, moving, or standing. Interestingly, neither age nor lameness due to chronic orthopedic disease significantly influenced the time spent lying down. Horses showing symptoms of REM sleep deficiency had shorter lying times and reduced times spent moving, indicating a general compromise of their well-being. The study shows that wearable sensor technology can be used to identify horses with short recumbency times at risk for REM sleep deficiency. Furthermore, the technology can be used to assess and monitor equine welfare objectively and optimize husbandry conditions so that old horses and horses suffering from chronic orthopedic conditions can achieve lying-down times comparable to younger, healthy horses."
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